Semaglutide 10MG

Semaglutide is a long‑acting glucagon‑like peptide‑1 receptor (GLP‑1R) agonist based on a modified GLP‑1(7–37) backbone. Key design features include substitution of Ala8 with 2‑aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) to confer DPP‑4 resistance and a C18 fatty‑diacid chain attached via a spacer to Lys26 for reversible albumin binding and extended half‑life. It reduces appetite and energy intake, enhances glucose‑dependent insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon, and slows gastric emptying. Clinical programs have evaluated weekly subcutaneous and oral formulations for type 2 diabetes, chronic weight management, and cardiovascular risk reduction.

 

Chemical Structure / Identifiers

Property	Detail
Class/Target	GLP‑1 receptor agonist (incretin mimetic)
Backbone	GLP‑1(7–37) analog; Aib8 substitution; Lys26 acylated with C18 diacid via spacer
Molecular Formula (PubChem)	C187H291N45O59
Approx. Molecular Weight	≈ 4113.6 g/mol
CAS Number	910463‑68‑2
PubChem CID	56843311
Synonyms	Semaglutide; GLP‑1 analog; oral and once‑weekly injectable forms

 

Primary Research Focus

• Type 2 diabetes: lowers HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose; reduces hypoglycemia risk versus insulin due to glucose‑dependent action.
• Obesity/chronic weight management: produces clinically meaningful weight loss in adults with or without diabetes in STEP trials.
• Cardiovascular outcomes: reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in high‑risk adults with type 2 diabetes; benefits also observed in obesity without diabetes in large outcomes studies.
• NAFLD/NASH and metabolic complications: ongoing studies assess liver fat reduction, inflammation, and fibrosis markers.
• Oral delivery: co‑formulated with an absorption enhancer for gastric uptake in once‑daily tablet studies.

 

Safety / Limitations

• Common adverse effects: dose‑dependent gastrointestinal events (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation), usually during dose escalation.
• Warnings/precautions: risk of gallbladder disease; acute pancreatitis has been reported with GLP‑1 RAs; caution in patients with a history of pancreatitis.
• Thyroid C‑cell tumor warning (rodent data): contraindicated in patients with personal/family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or MEN2.
• Diabetic retinopathy complications: rapid glycemic improvement may transiently worsen retinopathy in susceptible patients; monitor high‑risk individuals.
• Not a substitute for insulin in type 1 diabetes or for diabetic ketoacidosis; safety and efficacy depend on indication, dose, and route.

 

Key Publications / References

PubChem Compound Summary: Semaglutide (CID 56843311). https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/56843311

NEJM (2016) SUSTAIN‑6: Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1607141

NEJM (2021) STEP‑1: Once‑weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2032183

NEJM (2023) SELECT: Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in obesity without diabetes. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2310339

NEJM (2019) PIONEER‑1: Oral semaglutide monotherapy in type 2 diabetes. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1812381

FDA labeling/Medication Guides for semaglutide‑containing products (safety information). https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm

 

Disclaimer: For research background only. Not medical advice. Indications, dosing, and safety depend on approved labeling and clinical context.